How does coffee flavor get into beer? Roasted malt, actual coffee, or both

Beer education

Four ingredients. A lot of opinions.

Beer gets easier to talk about when you know what changed it. Start with the ingredients, then trust your own glass.

Water

The canvas. Its minerals can sharpen, soften, or redirect a beer.

Malt

The grain bill brings color, body, toast, sweetness, and depth.

Hops

Bitterness matters, but so do aroma, fruit, resin, spice, and structure.

Yeast

The quiet worker that can shape fruit, spice, dryness, and finish.